By using simple graphs, lots of pictures, and about a 9th grade reading level, two men have finally made understanding abgs easy. Thus, ph tells you about the acidity or alkalinity of the blood. If you want to put your abg interpretation skills to the test, check out our abg quiz. Respiratory acidosis overdose, pneumonia, cns disorder 5.
Arterial blood gas made easy slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Pdf arterial blood gas analysis is a common investigation in emergency departments. Analysis and monitoring of gas exchange thoracic key. Paco2 increases 6 mmhg per 10 meql bicarbonate rise. That makes the interpretation of these abg results is uncompensated respiratory acidosis. Calculator of arterial blood gas abg upon arterial blood gas abg interpretation analysis, you could come to know, 1 oxygenation of blood through gas exchange in the lungs. In our first three examples, the patients were uncompensated. Arterial blood gas sampling society for acute medicine. If either the respiratorymetabolic component was not consistent with the ph, there is compensation. Whether you aced this practice quiz or not, remember that integrating your abg interpretation skills into your patient assessments takes practice. Respiratory acidosis occurs when breathing is inadequate and paco 2 or respiratory acid builds up. Arterial blood gas abg analysis is a fundamental skill in modern medicine yet one which many find difficult to grasp.
Interpretation of the arterial blood gas emergencypedia. While the analyzer can often help with analysis, the history of the patient is critical for accurate interpretation. To see how to perform an arterial blood gas check out our guide here. George kent is a 54 year old widower with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and was rushed to the emergency department with increasing shortness of breath, pyrexia, and a productive cough with yellowgreen sputum. Sodium and chloride are required for anion gap calculation. The 6 easy steps to abg analysis are listed below for easy reference and will be explained in more detail in. Aug 11, 2016 explore semperfiwyf0331s board nurse notes. Therefore, the 6 easy steps to abg analysis was developed to provide nurses with an accurate and systematic method of easily interpreting arterial blood gases. This is a nonfinal version of an article published in final form in. This book provides readers with the core background knowledge required to understand the abg, explains how it is used in clinical practice and provides a unique system for interpreting results. However, practice and experience will ease the frustration.
Nurses often have difficulty interpreting arterial blood gases abgs. All questions and answers are given for reading and answering at your own pace. This method is simple, easy and can be used for the majority of abgs. Perfecting your acidbase balancing act american nurse.
In addition, nurses often attempt to analyze too many components. Confusion often begins with trying to remember many random rules and lacking a standardized. Bicarbonate increases 1 meql per 10 mmhg paco2 rise from 40 mmhg. Lets solve for the abg interpretation with the examples below. Lets play tictactoe luis is a 64yearold patient who has a long history of copd. Simple algorithm of arterial blood gas analysis to ensure medcrave. See more ideas about nursing notes, nursing tips and nursing students.
If both the pco2 and hco3 are abnormal, the one which deviates most from the norm is most likely causing an. Partial compensation ph is still abnormal, and the other value is abnormal in an attempt to help normalise the ph. What this means is that water h2o can combine with co2 and form carbonic acid. Analyze the ph the first step in analyzing abgs is to look at the ph. The cause of the acidosis is the p a co 2, which is the respiratory component of the abg results. By using zhpcleaner you can easily remove many of these types of programs for a better user experience on your computer and while browsing the web. Arterial blood gases abg can be difficult and confusing to understand at first. Although the term analysis is defined broadly as study or interpretation, analysis conducted in a clinical laboratory has a special meaning, as does the term monitoring. Blood gas analysis takes a stepbystep approach and practice. Arterial blood gas analysis for emergency medicine registrars. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
The extra co2 combines with water to form carbonic acid, causing a state of acidosis a common occurrence in emphysema respiratory alkalosis can occur as a result of hyperventilation metabolic acidosis is when there is a decrease in bicarbonates and a buildup of lactic acid occurs. Vital signs have now made a slight change from being within normal limits to blood pressure 12070 mm hg, hr 102, and respiratory rate 30. Remove easypdfcombine with zhpcleaner zhpcleaner is a program that searches for and deletes adware, toolbars, potentially unwanted programs pup, and browser hijackers from your computer. However, the more complicated and in some ways more important part of abg analysis is ph regulation. Most doctors struggle with arterial blood gas abg interpretation. Such measurements are made by a laboratory analyzer.
However, its a crucial skill for nurses, physicians, respiratory therapists, and nursing students to learn. By becoming more adept at identifying specific acidbase disorders, you can ensure that patients receive the appropriate nursing interventions and get back in balance as quickly as possible. When one thinks of abg analysis, oxygenation may come to mind first. A respiratory acidosis with a low shco3 would indicate a combined respiratory and metabolic acidosis. Before making an interpretation of an abg it is always ofwise to check for the consistency of the report bicarbonateby the modified henderson equation. Garima aggarwal resident iind yr department of medicine5th august moderator dr. This analyzer should not substitute for clinical context. O determination of pao2x pao2 is dependant upon age, fio2, patmy as age the expected pao2ge pao2 109 0. Goal is to help students identify primary acid base disorders in a few simple steps. Reflects the ratio of hco3 to co2 ph will change if there is a change in the hco3. Abgs made easy for nurses w tic tac toe method for arterial blood gas interpretation duration. Creative ways to teach arterial blood gas interpretation.
Woodruff, msn, rnbc, cns, cmsrn, cen 6 easy steps to. Take your hr comms to the next level with prezi video. Seamlessly reformat files for all of your crossplatform needs. But, interpreting abg results has always been very complicateduntil now. Intensive care, combined military hospital, post code1206. Recognize the normal parameters of abg components ph, co2, hco3 3.
The extra co2 combines with water to form carbonic acid, causing a state of. He presents today with a slight fever and complains of shortness of breath and coughing up greencolored sputum. An easy step by step guide to understanding the abg. It only addresses acidbase balance and considers just 3 values. Combine the information from the ph, paco2 and the bicarbonate. Arterial blood gas analysis is an essential part of diagnosing and managing a patients oxygenation status and acidbase balance. Abg interpretation a guide to understanding abgs geeky. Interpretation of the arterial blood gas selflearning packet. The real value of an abg comes from its ability to provide a nearimmediate reflection of the physiology of your patient, allowing you to recognise and treat pathology more rapidly. An abg is the most accurate representation of a patients clinical status and correct interpretation can lead to quicker and more accurate changes in the. Determine the cause of the acidosis or alkalosis by looking at the pco2 and hco3if ph combine with four molecules of oxygen. Interpret the acidbase state of the body from the abg lab report abg is the acronym for arterial blood gas.